{"id":406,"date":"2026-03-26T01:12:59","date_gmt":"2026-03-26T01:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/cn\/uml-symbols-and-notations-visual-cheat-sheet\/"},"modified":"2026-03-26T01:12:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-26T01:12:59","slug":"uml-symbols-and-notations-visual-cheat-sheet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/cn\/uml-symbols-and-notations-visual-cheat-sheet\/","title":{"rendered":"UML\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff1a\u65b0\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u901f\u67e5\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6587\u6863\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6c9f\u901a\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7406\u89e3<strong>UML\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0e\u8868\u793a\u6cd5<\/strong>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c06\u62bd\u8c61\u60f3\u6cd5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u84dd\u56fe\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u6307\u5357\u5206\u89e3\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Line art infographic cheat sheet showing UML symbols and notations for new developers, including structural diagrams (class, object, component, deployment, package, composite structure), behavioral diagrams (use case, activity, state machine, sequence, communication, timing, interaction overview), relationship symbols (association, aggregation, composition, inheritance, dependency, realization), class diagram three-compartment structure with visibility markers (+, -, #, ~), and multiplicity notations (1, 0..1, 0..*, 1..*) in a clean minimalist 16:9 layout with best practices footer\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/uml-symbols-notations-cheat-sheet-infographic.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fUML\uff1f\ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n<p>UML\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u3001\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8bb0\u5f55\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u89c9\u5316\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6b67\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u5b66\u4e60UML\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u901a\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u65e9\u671f\u660e\u786e\u9700\u6c42 \ud83d\udcdd<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bb0\u5f55\u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91 \ud83e\udde0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u975e\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6c9f\u901a \ud83e\udd1d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u8bc6\u522b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f3a\u9677 \u26a0\ufe0f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u56fe \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>UML\u56fe\u8868\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u56fe\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\u5173\u6ce8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u800c\u884c\u4e3a\u56fe\u5173\u6ce8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u7ed3\u6784\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u8868\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7531\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ec4\u6210\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7c7b\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> UML\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7c7b\u3001\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5bf9\u8c61\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u3002\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7ec4\u4ef6\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u63cf\u8ff0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u90e8\u7f72\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u786c\u4ef6\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8282\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u6784\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5305\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u7ec4\u6216\u5305\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7ec4\u5408\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c55\u793a\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u884c\u4e3a\u56fe<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u8868\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7528\u4f8b\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff08\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6d3b\u52a8\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u6a21\u62df\u4e86\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u6216\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u3002\u5b83\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u72b6\u6001\u673a\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u663e\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u5904\u4e8e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u6001\u4ee5\u53ca\u7531\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u987a\u5e8f\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u6309\u7167\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u5c55\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u901a\u4fe1\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u65f6\u5e8f\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4ea4\u4e92\u6982\u89c8\u56fe\uff1a<\/strong> \u7ed3\u5408\u6d3b\u52a8\u56fe\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u56fe\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u5e38\u89c1\u7b26\u53f7 \ud83d\udcd0<\/h2>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u7279\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u521b\u5efaUML\u56fe\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u7c7b\u56fe\u7b26\u53f7<\/h3>\n<p>\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9876\u90e8\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/strong> \u7c7b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u95f4\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u6570\u636e\u6210\u5458\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e95\u90e8\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/strong> \u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> \u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u901a\u8fc7\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u540d\u79f0\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>+<\/strong>: \u516c\u6709\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u2013<\/strong>: \u79c1\u6709\uff08\u4ec5\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>#<\/strong>: \u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\uff08\u5728\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>~<\/strong>: \u5305\uff08\u5728\u5305\u5185\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5173\u7cfb\u7b26\u53f7<\/h3>\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u7ebf\u578b\u548c\u7bad\u5934\u5f62\u72b6\u8868\u793a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;\">\n<colgroup>\n<col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/>\n<col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/>\n<col style=\"min-width: 25px;\"\/><\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color: rgb(242, 242, 242);\">\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5173\u7cfb\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u7b26\u53f7\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<th colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5173\u8054<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5b9e\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u805a\u5408<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5e26\u7a7a\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u7684\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u201c\u62e5\u6709-\u6709\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u6574\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u7ec4\u5408<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5e26\u5b9e\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u7684\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5f3a\u201c\u62e5\u6709-\u6709\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u6574\u4f53\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u7ee7\u627f\uff08\u6cdb\u5316\uff09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5e26\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u201c\u662f-\u4e00\u79cd\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u5b50\u7c7b\u4ece\u7236\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u4f9d\u8d56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5e26\u7a7a\u5fc3\u7bad\u5934\u7684\u865a\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e34\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u5e26\u7a7a\u5fc3\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u865a\u7ebf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"1\" rowspan=\"1\">\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u7531\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\u987a\u5e8f\u56fe\u7ec6\u8282 \u23f1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n<p>\u987a\u5e8f\u56fe\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6d41\u52a8\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5173\u952e\u7b26\u53f7\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u751f\u547d\u7ebf\uff1a<\/strong>\u5782\u76f4\u865a\u7ebf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6761\uff1a<\/strong> \u751f\u547d\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u77e9\u5f62\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6b63\u5728\u79ef\u6781\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong> \u6d88\u606f\uff1a<\/strong> \u6c34\u5e73\u7bad\u5934\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u6216\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong> \u8fd4\u56de\u6d88\u606f\uff1a<\/strong> \u865a\u7ebf\u7bad\u5934\u6307\u5411\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong> \u7ec4\u5408\u7247\u6bb5\uff1a<\/strong> \u6807\u6709\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u6846\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<em>alt<\/em>, <em>opt<\/em>\uff0c\u6216<em>loop<\/em> \u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\u6216\u8fed\u4ee3\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7528\u4f8b\u56fe\u7b26\u53f7<\/h3>\n<p>\u7528\u4f8b\u56fe\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u7ed8\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7b26\u53f7\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5c0f\u4eba\u56fe\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff08\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u692d\u5706\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b\uff08\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b9e\u7ebf\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fde\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u4e0e\u7528\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e26\u00abextend\u00bb\u7684\u7bad\u5934\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u53ef\u9009\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5e26\u00abinclude\u00bb\u7684\u7bad\u5934\uff1a<\/strong> \u8868\u793a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4f8b\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7406\u89e3\u591a\u91cd\u6027 \ud83d\udd22<\/h2>\n<p>\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5199\u5728\u5173\u8054\u7ebf\u7684\u672b\u7aef\u9644\u8fd1\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>1:<\/strong> \u6070\u597d\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>0..1:<\/strong> \u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>0..*:<\/strong> \u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>1..*:<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>0..10:<\/strong> \u96f6\u5230\u5341\u4e2a\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c<em>\u5ba2\u6237<\/em>\u201d\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c<em>\u8ba2\u5355<\/em>\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u53ef\u80fd\u662f<code>1<\/code>\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u4e00\u65b9\uff0c\u800c<code>0..*<\/code>\u5728\u8ba2\u5355\u4e00\u65b9\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u53ea\u80fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7ed8\u56fe\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5 \u2705<\/h2>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6709\u6548\u7684UML\u56fe\u9700\u8981\u7eaa\u5f8b\u6027\u5e76\u9075\u5b88\u67d0\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6307\u5357\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6e05\u6670\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4fdd\u6301\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0d\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e2d\u5efa\u6a21\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u7b26\u53f7\u4f1a\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u547d\u540d\u8981\u6e05\u6670\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3a\u7c7b\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\u4f7f\u7528\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u9664\u975e\u662f\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u6ce8\u53d7\u4f17\uff1a<\/strong> \u9762\u5411\u9879\u76ee\u7ecf\u7406\u7684\u56fe\u5728\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u9762\u5411\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u56fe\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u53d7\u4f17\u8c03\u6574\u62bd\u8c61\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fed\u4ee3\uff1a<\/strong> UML \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u60a8\u7684\u56fe\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u767d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7559\u51fa\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6742\u4e71\u3002\u8fc7\u4e8e\u62e5\u6324\u7684\u56fe\u96be\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5206\u5c42\u7ed8\u5236\u4f60\u7684\u56fe\u8868\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u6df1\u5165\u8be6\u7ec6\u5e8f\u5217\u56fe\u6216\u7c7b\u56fe\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u4ece\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u89c6\u56fe\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef \u274c<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u8868\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9677\u5165\u9677\u9631\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u533a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5efa\u6a21\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3a\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u591a\u56fe\u8868\u4f1a\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5e94\u805a\u7126\u4e8e\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5ffd\u7565\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u56fe\u4e2d\u5fd8\u8bb0\u5c55\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5c42\u6b21\u6df7\u6742\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6df7\u6742\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u4f4e\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5173\u7cfb\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u6df7\u6dc6\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6743\u548c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0a\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong> \u7f3a\u5c11\u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u5141\u8bb8\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6b67\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong> \u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u6e05\u6670\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u5904\u7406\u201d\u6216\u201c\u505a\u70b9\u4e8b\u201d\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u5165\u201d\u6216\u201c\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\u201d\u7b49\u5177\u4f53\u52a8\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u5c06UML\u878d\u5165\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n<p>UML\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6587\u6863\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6709\u6548\u6574\u5408\u5b83\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u4f8b\u56fe\u4e0e\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u5171\u540c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u56fe\u548c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u56fe\u6765\u89c4\u5212\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/strong> 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