{"id":729,"date":"2026-03-21T23:32:21","date_gmt":"2026-03-21T23:32:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/cn\/uml-class-diagrams-modeling-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-03-21T23:32:21","modified_gmt":"2026-03-21T23:32:21","slug":"uml-class-diagrams-modeling-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/cn\/uml-class-diagrams-modeling-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"UML\u7c7b\u56fe\u7b80\u5316\uff1a\u5efa\u6a21\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e05\u6670\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u7c7b\u56fe\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u884c\u4e3a\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u8868\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9759\u6001\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u5de5\u5177\u8fd8\u662f\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c6\u89c9\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u903b\u8f91\u7ecf\u5f97\u8d77\u63a8\u6572\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u89e3\u6790UML\u7c7b\u56fe\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3001\u7c7b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e26\u6765\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002\u5230\u672c\u6307\u5357\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u7262\u56fa\u638c\u63e1\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u62bd\u8c61\u9700\u6c42\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img alt=\"Whimsical infographic summarizing UML class diagrams: three-compartment class structure with name, attributes, and methods; visibility modifiers (+, -, #, ~); relationship types including association, dependency, inheritance, aggregation, and composition; plus design principles like SRP and encapsulation, presented in playful cartoon style with pastel colors\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/class-diagrams-uml-infographic-whimsical-guide.jpg\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f \u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u56fe\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90fd\u662f\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u5728\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\uff08UML\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u7c7b\u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u77e9\u5f62\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u975e\u968f\u610f\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1b\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6570\u636e\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u7c7b\u540d\u90e8\u5206<\/h3>\n<p>\u9876\u90e8\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u542b\u7c7b\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002\u8be5\u540d\u79f0\u5e94\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u6240\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<strong>\u5ba2\u6237<\/strong>, <strong>\u8ba2\u5355<\/strong>\uff0c\u6216<strong>\u652f\u4ed8\u7f51\u5173<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u89c4\u8303\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u5e15\u65af\u5361\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>\u53d1\u7968\u8bb0\u5f55<\/em>\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7c7b\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528<em>\u659c\u4f53<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong> \u67d0\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u9759\u6001\u6210\u5458\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u6807\u51c6UML\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u5206\u9694\u533a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u5c5e\u6027\u90e8\u5206<\/h3>\n<p>\u540d\u79f0\u4e0b\u65b9\u662f\u5c5e\u6027\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u4ee3\u8868\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5c5e\u6027\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u8eab\u6240\u77e5\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/em>, <em>\u6574\u6570<\/em>, <em>\u5e03\u5c14<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u79f0\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u89c1\u4e0b\u8868\uff09.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u503c\uff1a<\/strong>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>status = &#8220;active&#8221;<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u65b9\u6cd5\u533a\u57df<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e95\u90e8\u90e8\u5206\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5<em>\u505a<\/em>\u3002\u65b9\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u5217\u51fa\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<em>calculateTax(amount)<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/strong>\u5982\u679c\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u8bf7\u6307\u51fa\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u6b64\u5904\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u5c5e\u6027\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u4fee\u9970\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>\u7406\u89e3\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c01\u88c5\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e0b\u8868\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u7684UML\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th>\u4fee\u9970\u7b26<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>+<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u516c\u5171<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u2013<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u79c1\u6709<\/td>\n<td>\u4ec5\u5728\u7c7b\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>#<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u7c7b\u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>~<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u5305\/\u9ed8\u8ba4<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5305\u6216\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd17 \u5b9a\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb<\/h2>\n<p>\u7c7b\u5f88\u5c11\u5b64\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u76f8\u4e92\u6c9f\u901a\u5e76\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u5173\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728UML\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u7cfb\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u7c7b\u77e9\u5f62\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u6765\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e38\u5e26\u6709\u7bad\u5934\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5411\u548c\u57fa\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5173\u8054<\/h3>\n<p>\u5173\u8054\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8c61\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e86\u89e3\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/strong>\u5e26\u7bad\u5934\u7684\u7ebf\u6761\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u5bfc\u822a\u6027\uff08\u8c01\u4e86\u89e3\u8c01\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u591a\u91cd\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1\uff0c0..1\uff0c*\uff09\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a <em>\u6559\u6388<\/em> \u6559\u6388 <em>\u5b66\u751f<\/em>\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u6388\u591a\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u5f31\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f8\u4e92\u6301\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e34\u65f6\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u5e26\u6709\u7a7a\u5fc3\u7bad\u5934\u7684\u865a\u7ebf\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a <em>\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u5668<\/em> \u7c7b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a <em>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5668<\/em> \u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7ee7\u627f\uff08\u6cdb\u5316\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ee7\u627f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7c7b\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201d\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u6761\u5b9e\u7ebf\uff0c\u7bad\u5934\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7a7a\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u7236\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u5b50\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong> \u7bad\u5934\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u7c7b\u662f\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u7236\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong> \u7bad\u5934\u5934\u90e8\u7684\u7c7b\u662f\u7236\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a <em>\u50a8\u84c4\u8d26\u6237<\/em> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd <em>\u94f6\u884c\u8d26\u6237<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u805a\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u6574\u4f53-\u90e8\u5206\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u6761\u5b9e\u7ebf\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u201d\u4e00\u7aef\u5e26\u6709\u4e2d\u7a7a\u83f1\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff1a<\/strong> \u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6574\u4f53\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u540e\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a <em>\u90e8\u95e8<\/em> \u5305\u542b <em>\u5458\u5de5<\/em>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u90e8\u95e8\u89e3\u6563\uff0c\u5458\u5de5\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7ec4\u5408<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ec4\u5408\u662f\u805a\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5f3a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u6574\u4f53\u800c\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u201c\u62e5\u6709-\u6709\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u6761\u5b9e\u7ebf\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u201d\u4e00\u7aef\u5e26\u6709\u5b9e\u5fc3\u83f1\u5f62\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f53\u6574\u4f53\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u65f6\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong> \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a <em> \u623f\u5c4b<\/em> \u7531 <em> \u623f\u95f4<\/em> \u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5982\u679c\u623f\u5c4b\u88ab\u62c6\u9664\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u623f\u95f4\u5728\u8be5\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u2699\ufe0f \u9ad8\u7ea7\u5efa\u6a21\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n<p>\u8d85\u8d8a\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5e76\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u67b6\u6784\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n<p>\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u884c\u4e3a\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong> \u7c7b\u540d\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a <em>&lt;&lt;interface&gt;&gt;<\/em> \u6216\u8005\u7528\u865a\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5706\u5708\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/strong> \u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u89e3\u8026\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a<\/strong>\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u7f1d\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b<\/h3>\n<p>\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u901a\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u5177\u4f53\u7ec6\u8282\u7559\u7ed9\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong>\u7c7b\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u659c\u4f53\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/strong>\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u67d0\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u5dee\u5f02\u663e\u8457\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong>\u5728\u4e0d\u89c4\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9759\u6001\u6210\u5458<\/h3>\n<p>\u9759\u6001\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7c7b\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/strong>\u5206\u9694\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/strong> \u914d\u7f6e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u5de5\u5177\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u5355\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u7c7b\u56fe\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5fc3\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u56fe\u753b\uff1b\u5b83\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002\u9075\u5faa\u7279\u5b9a\u539f\u5219\u53ef\u786e\u4fdd\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5177\u6709\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5355\u4e00\u804c\u8d23\u539f\u5219\uff08SRP\uff09<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u7406\u7531\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u548c\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u62c6\u5206\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u5927\u578b\u7c7b\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u66f4\u5c0f\u3001\u66f4\u4e13\u6ce8\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9\uff1a<\/strong> \u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\uff0c\u4f4e\u8026\u5408<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u5185\u805a\u6027<\/strong> \u6307\u5355\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u8054\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<strong>\u8026\u5408\u5ea6<\/strong> \u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9ad8\u5185\u805a\uff1a<\/strong> \u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5355\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f4e\u8026\u5408\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f15\u53d1\u8fde\u9501\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5c01\u88c5<\/h3>\n<p>\u9690\u85cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u5171\u65b9\u6cd5\u66b4\u9732\u5fc5\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbe\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528getter\u548csetter\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udd04 \u5e38\u89c1\u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h2>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\u5728\u5efa\u6a21\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8bc6\u522b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8282\u7701\u5927\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u9677\u96311\uff1a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h3>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u62bd\u8c61\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002\u5e94\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/strong> \u9996\u5148\u5efa\u6a21\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u57df\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u590d\u6742\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u6dfb\u52a0\u63a5\u53e3\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9677\u96312\uff1a\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<p>\u7c7bA\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7c7bB\uff0c\u800c\u7c7bB\u53c8\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7c7bA\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u96be\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6765\u6253\u7834\u5faa\u73af\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9677\u96313\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565\u591a\u91cd\u6027<\/h3>\n<p>\u5fd8\u8bb0\u6307\u5b9a\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u91cf\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u9700\u6c42\u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/strong> \u59cb\u7ec8\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c1\u5bf9\u591a\uff0c0\u5bf9\u591a\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9677\u96314\uff1a\u6982\u5ff5\u6df7\u6dc6<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u884c\u4e3a\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u662f-\u4e00\u79cd\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u7ec4\u5408\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u201c\u6709-\u4e00\u79cd\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3a\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u975e\u7ee7\u627f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ud83d\udcdd 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