{"id":216,"date":"2026-03-27T12:20:28","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T12:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/vi\/uml-diagram-types-explained\/"},"modified":"2026-03-27T12:20:28","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T12:20:28","slug":"uml-diagram-types-explained","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/vi\/uml-diagram-types-explained\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 UML \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00edch: Lo\u1ea1i N\u00e0o N\u00ean D\u00f9ng Cho D\u1ef1 \u00c1n C\u1ee7a B\u1ea1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn, n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a, v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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\"Hand-drawn<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Hi\u1ec3u R\u00f5 Hai Danh M\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i th\u00e0nh hai danh m\u1ee5c: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 H\u00e0nh vi. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n

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  • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 logic, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u1edbp, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0.<\/li>\n
  • S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 H\u00e0nh vi:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i theo th\u1eddi gian. Ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n k\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c lu\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ean trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: B\u1ea3n V\u1ebd T\u0129nh \ud83e\uddf1<\/h2>\n

    C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

    1. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp \ud83d\udd37<\/h3>\n

    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

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    • C\u00e1c Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ea7n Ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c l\u1edbp (h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt), Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh (t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t), Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c (thao t\u00e1c), Li\u00ean k\u1ebft (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng), K\u1ebf th\u1eeba (m\u0169i t\u00ean c\u00f3 tam gi\u00e1c r\u1ed7ng), v\u00e0 T\u00edch h\u1ee3p\/Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (h\u00ecnh thoi).<\/li>\n
    • Khi N\u00ean D\u00f9ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng API.<\/li>\n
    • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>Cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ed1i T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \ud83d\uddbc\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

      S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee5p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

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      • C\u00e1c Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ea7n Ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ea1ch ch\u00e2n), Li\u00ean k\u1ebft (c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng).<\/li>\n
      • Khi N\u00ean D\u00f9ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
      • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1ea7n \ud83d\udce6<\/h3>\n

        S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

          \n
        • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n), Giao di\u1ec7n (cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u), Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t).<\/li>\n
        • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u module ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba.<\/li>\n
        • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng li\u00ean quan v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          4. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai \ud83c\udf10<\/h3>\n

          S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. N\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

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          • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c n\u00fat (thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng), Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n (t\u1ec7p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m), C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng).<\/li>\n
          • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i DevOps v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
          • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong> L\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            5. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh \ud83e\udde9<\/h3>\n

            S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. N\u00f3 chia nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp duy nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

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            • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, C\u1ed5ng, Giao di\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
            • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n con b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
            • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chi ti\u1ebft logic n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m r\u1ed1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              6. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i \ud83d\udcc1<\/h3>\n

              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00f3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ho\u1eb7c g\u00f3i. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n

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              • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c g\u00f3i (th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c), Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c g\u00f3i.<\/li>\n
              • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/li>\n
              • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong> C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 H\u00e0nh vi: Lu\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ed9ng \u26a1<\/h2>\n

                C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00e0nh vi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c x\u1ea3y ra b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

                7. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \ud83c\udfaf<\/h3>\n

                S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n (h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi que), Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (h\u00ecnh elip), M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng).<\/li>\n
                • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thu th\u1eadp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n
                • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  8. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \ud83d\udd04<\/h3>\n

                  S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh ho\u1eb7c logic thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt tr\u00f2n), Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (m\u0169i t\u00ean), R\u1ebd nh\u00e1nh\/K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p (thanh), L\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng).<\/li>\n
                  • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c logic kinh doanh tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i qua nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n
                  • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh song song v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    9. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \ud83d\udcca<\/h3>\n

                    S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>D\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ee9ng), Tin nh\u1eafn (m\u0169i t\u00ean), Thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n
                    • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c API ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng logic chi ti\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n
                    • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>L\u00e0m r\u00f5 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      10. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \ud83d\udde3\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

                      Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

                        \n
                      • C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Li\u00ean k\u1ebft, Tin nh\u1eafn c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n
                      • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n th\u1eddi gian g\u1eedi tin nh\u1eafn.<\/li>\n
                      • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong> Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                        11. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83d\udd04<\/h3>\n

                        S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea3i qua ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

                          \n
                        • C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt bo tr\u00f2n), Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp (m\u0169i t\u00ean), S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
                        • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, v\u00e9 ho\u1eb7c phi\u00ean x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c.<\/li>\n
                        • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                          12. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian \u23f1\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

                          S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

                            \n
                          • C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, Thang th\u1eddi gian, Thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
                          • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00fang n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
                          • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                            13. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5ng quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \ud83d\uddfa\ufe0f<\/h3>\n

                            S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. N\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y sang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                              \n
                            • C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>N\u00fat t\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, Khung cho c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
                            • Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao.<\/li>\n
                            • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/strong>L\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                              H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \ud83d\udccb<\/h2>\n

                              Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
                              Lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/th>\nLo\u1ea1i<\/th>\nCh\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh<\/th>\nD\u00f9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
                              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng API<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/td>\nH\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nT\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c theo th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\nLu\u1ed3ng API, g\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i logic<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\nH\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/td>\nC\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u1edbi b\u00ean li\u00ean quan, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/td>\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/td>\nPh\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \/ C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng<\/td>\nDevOps, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/td>\nH\u00e0nh vi<\/td>\nChu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nC\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

                              L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \ud83e\udd14<\/h2>\n

                              Vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ea1o m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho m\u1ecdi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi sau:<\/p>\n

                                \n
                              • \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem l\u00e0 ai?<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
                              • Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ea7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/li>\n
                              • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 G\u00f3i v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/li>\n
                              • R\u1ee7i ro quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then thi\u1ebft, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 then thi\u1ebft, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 M\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a \u2705<\/h2>\n

                                \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn h\u1eefu \u00edch theo th\u1eddi gian, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn sau.<\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • Gi\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng. Chia c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 con.<\/li>\n
                                • Duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. T\u00ean l\u1edbp trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i.<\/li>\n
                                • Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong> Xem c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. L\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u00fang trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
                                • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> Th\u00eam ghi ch\u00fa v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n
                                • Xem x\u00e9t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean:<\/strong> C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u00ean l\u1ecbch xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh \u274c<\/h2>\n

                                  Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a. H\u00e3y c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

                                    \n
                                  • M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c:<\/strong> T\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 r\u1ee7i ro cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao.<\/li>\n
                                  • B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/li>\n
                                  • K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u UML chu\u1ea9n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i. H\u00e3y tu\u00e2n theo k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\n
                                  • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh:<\/strong> Xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u giao n\u1ed9p m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n thay v\u00ec t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                    Suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n

                                    UML cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 H\u00e0nh vi, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a l\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

                                    B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u1edbp v\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o \u1edf m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                    Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. N\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef tr\u1ef1c quan…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":217,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: N\u00ean d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hay h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[49,50],"class_list":["post-216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-uml"],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: N\u00ean d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac hay h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. 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