![\"Whimsical](\"https:\/\/www.go-minder.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/uml-behavioral-diagrams-sequence-activity-state-comparison-infographic.jpg\"\/)
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\nHi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i \u23f1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t trong UML. N\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111i qua gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n\n- D\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi:<\/strong>Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- Tin nh\u1eafn:<\/strong>C\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean ngang ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (kh\u00f3a) ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a).<\/li>\n
- Thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong>Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p:<\/strong>Nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9p nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i t\u1ecf ra xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc khi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/em>c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n\n- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c API v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 vi m\u00f4.<\/li>\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qua giao di\u1ec7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
- G\u1ee1 l\u1ed7i logic ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c thi.<\/li>\n
- Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n
\n- \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/strong>Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cao ho\u1eb7c logic nh\u00e1nh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n
- Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft:<\/strong>Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng UML c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y sang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 logic \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n- C\u00e1c n\u00fat ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- Lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n:<\/strong> C\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c n\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c n\u00fat quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh thoi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e1nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c n\u00fat chia v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t:<\/strong> C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ec9 ra x\u1eed l\u00fd song song ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
- C\u00e1c l\u00e0n b\u01a1i:<\/strong> C\u00e1c d\u1ea3i ngang ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecdc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m n\u1eb1m \u1edfquy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/em> v\u00e0 logic quy tr\u00ecnh<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n- L\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng ban.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
- Tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh song song v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
- T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 linh ho\u1ea1t, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n
\n- Chi ti\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n
- Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc:<\/strong> C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00ec \u1ed1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83e\uddf1<\/h2>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i) m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n\n- Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n
- Chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp:<\/strong>C\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
- S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n:<\/strong>C\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ebfm ng\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft, t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u).<\/li>\n
- H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o\/ra:<\/strong>C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng khi v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n
- Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cu\u1ed1i:<\/strong>C\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu khi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m n\u1eb1m \u1edftr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/em> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n- M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0110ang ch\u1edd, \u0110\u00e3 thanh to\u00e1n, \u0110\u00e3 g\u1eedi, \u0110\u00e3 giao).<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u00fang.<\/li>\n
- Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u01a1i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n
\n- Ph\u1ea1m vi:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. Vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- Logic lu\u1ed3ng:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/strong> Khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3ng sau t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
\n\n\nT\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/th>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/th>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n\nTr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c & Th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\n Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c & Logic<\/td>\n Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i & S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nPh\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi<\/strong><\/td>\nG\u1ecdi API, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh, Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/strong><\/td>\nH\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf (th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p)<\/td>\n M\u1ea1nh (th\u00f4ng qua fork\/join)<\/td>\n Y\u1ebfu (tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \nB\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\nNhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n\u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/td>\nCao (\u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c)<\/td>\n Trung b\u00ecnh (\u1edf m\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng)<\/td>\n Th\u1ea5p (\u1edf m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\nKhung ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n
Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tr\u1eadn ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n
N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ecdi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn giao di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Lu\u1ed3ng quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n
N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc song song, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\nC\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n
N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/strong>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\nChi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \ud83e\udd1d<\/h2>\n
Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n
\n- S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 + S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb lu\u1ed3ng tin nh\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tham gia b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tin nh\u1eafn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
- S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng + S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh c\u1ea5p cao. Khi m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi ti\u1ebft, h\u00e3y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1.<\/li>\n
- S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng + S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i:<\/strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cX\u1eed l\u00fd thanh to\u00e1n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng thanh to\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \ud83d\udeab<\/h2>\n
Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a. Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
\n- M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c:<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 cho m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u1ecf d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng trong b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. H\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 logic ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n
- Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi codebase. N\u1ebfu code g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201csaveRecord\u201d, \u0111\u1eebng g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cSubmitData\u201d trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
- B\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c:<\/strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebfu b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh:<\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201c\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng\u201d) s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \ud83d\udcc8<\/h2>\n
Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
\n- Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n:<\/strong>Xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. L\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u00fang trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
- T\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>\u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eeb m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 so v\u1edbi tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/li>\n
- V\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong>Bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh vi.<\/li>\n
- \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a:<\/strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, h\u00e3y t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, t\u1eadp trung h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n
Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh vi gi\u00fap logic h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean minh b\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":357,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so s\u00e1nh S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83d\udcca","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \ud83c\udfaf","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[49,50],"class_list":["post-356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-uml"],"yoast_head":"\n
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Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n
S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i t\u1ecf ra xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc khi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1<\/em>c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 chu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng UML c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 lu\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y sang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh, thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n v\u00e0 logic \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u khi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m n\u1eb1m \u1edfquy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/em> v\u00e0 logic quy tr\u00ecnh<\/em>:<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 linh ho\u1ea1t, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i) m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu khi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m n\u1eb1m \u1edftr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/em> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/em>:<\/p>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3ng sau t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa ba m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ma tr\u1eadn ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ecdi gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn giao di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc song song, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kinh doanh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/strong>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n Trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m khi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a. Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh vi gi\u00fap logic h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean minh b\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":357,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn so s\u00e1nh S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83d\udcca","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 UML Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i. H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \ud83c\udfaf","inline_featured_image":false,"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[49,50],"class_list":["post-356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-uml"],"yoast_head":"\n\n
H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i<\/h3>\n
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Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n
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Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n
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H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n
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Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e1y tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \ud83e\uddf1<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n
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Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n
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H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/h3>\n
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Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch so s\u00e1nh \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n
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\n \nT\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/th>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/th>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c & Th\u1eddi gian<\/td>\n Lu\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c & Logic<\/td>\n Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i & S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi<\/strong><\/td>\n G\u1ecdi API, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh, Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n<\/td>\n V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Theo d\u00f5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/strong><\/td>\n H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf (th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p)<\/td>\n M\u1ea1nh (th\u00f4ng qua fork\/join)<\/td>\n Y\u1ebfu (tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\n Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u0110\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/td>\n Cao (\u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c)<\/td>\n Trung b\u00ecnh (\u1edf m\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng)<\/td>\n Th\u1ea5p (\u1edf m\u1ee9c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Khung ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \ud83c\udfaf<\/h2>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Lu\u1ed3ng quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n
Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \ud83e\udd1d<\/h2>\n
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Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \ud83d\udeab<\/h2>\n
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B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a \ud83d\udcc8<\/h2>\n
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K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n